Panorama "Pleven epic 1877" - city of Pleven
The impressive building - Panorama "The Epic of Pleven 1877" was built in connection with the 100th anniversary of the battles at Pleven during the Russo-Turkish War 1877-1878 and the liberation of the city on 10.12.1877. It is located in Skobelev Park, on the battlefield where during the III- during the storming of Pleven /September 11-12, 1877/ the fiercest battles for the capture of the city by the Russian army were fought. The first sod was broken on January 19, 1977, and the official opening was on December 10, 1977. It took 11 months to build and 4 months to paint the interior. The authors of the project are Pleven architects Ivo Petrov and Plamena Tsacheva, with a design group of 14 people. 13 artists from Russia and Bulgaria participated in painting the canvases: A. Chernishov, M. Ananiev, I. Kabanov, V. Esaulov, A. Trotsenko, Yu. Usipenko, V. Shcherbakov, G. Esaulov, V. Lemeshev, V. Tautiev, Hristo Boyadzhiev and Dionysii Donchev. The head of the artistic team is h. x. of the Russian Federation Nikolay Vasilevich Ovechkin - artist from Military Art Studio "M. B. Grekov" - Moscow, Russia.
Panorama "The Epic of Pleven 1877" is the only monument of its kind on the Balkan Peninsula, one of the largest and original panoramic buildings, because it was built on the battlefield itself. A spiral staircase and elevators provide visitors with access to viewing halls and platforms, including the roof of the museum, from where the historical sites can be observed: "Dead Valley", "Kovanluk" and "Issa Aga" redoubts, Ossuary in "Skobelevi Park" , the Radishev and Grivish heights.
The building is shaped like a truncated cone supported by four stylized bayonets. Three horizontal rings symbolize the three assaults on Pleven, and the ring with bayonets - the blockade of the city. The height of the hull with bayonets is 47 m. There are four halls for visitors: introductory, panorama, diorama and closing, library, reception information center. The panoramic hall has a diameter of 40 m. On its wall is mounted the panoramic canvas, 115 m long and 15 m wide, which depicts the dramatic events of the third assault on Pleven. At the foot of the canvas, the atmosphere in the trenches is recreated with replicas of authentic objects and weapons from the era. It is illuminated with 3,000 lighting fixtures, which create the illusion that the visitor sees the battlefield at a distance of 7-8 kilometers.
Exhibition "Pleven Epic 1877"
The exhibition "The Epic of Pleven 1877" is housed in the building specially built for it (Panorama "The Epic of Pleven 1877"), with a characteristic round shape for panoramas and enfiladed spaces connected in height, organized around a central staircase. Six paintings exhibited in the reception hall present moments from the history of the Bulgarian people from the fall of Bulgaria under Ottoman rule to the Pleven epic in 1877.
The Panorama Hall, which is circular in shape and 40 m in diameter, has a central circular viewing platform from which a picturesque canvas /115 x 15 m/, woven from linen, joined by only one seam with a total area of 2,800 m2 can be seen. , which presents "The Third Assault on Pleven September 11-12, 1877." The discrete transition from an exposed subject plan to the picturesque picture depicted in a circle, which follows the actual location of the locality and objects, creates a sense of reality in space and a visual perspective up to 7-12 km..
Diorama hall of total area together with the subject plan - 150 m2 and canvas 17x5 m presents "The last battle for Pleven in the Vit river valley on 10.12. 1877.” This is the most dramatic moment of the battle on December 10, when the Turkish army attacked the blockade line in the 6th blockade section closest to the road to Sofia - at the bridge on the Vit river, 7 km west of Pleven, but was defeated from the Russian Grenadier Corps under the command of Gen. I. S. Ganetsky. The commander of the Turkish army under Pleven, Osman Pasha, surrendered with his entire elite army and armament consisting of 10 pashas, 2128 officers, 37200 soldiers, 88 cannons and 7 flags.
The final hall presents two extremely important moments in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878: the victory at Pleven and the surrender of Osman Pasha's army at Pleven
The exposition in the Panorama "The Epic of Pleven 1877" is combined with a gallery of busts of military figures and lithographs from the 19th century - a kind of narrative about the Russo-Turkish War and the Pleven epic of 1877, graphics, weapons and military uniforms from the Russo-Turkish War 1877-1878. The paintings are a work of 13 artists from Russia and Bulgaria led by Nikolay Vasilevich Ovechkin.
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"St. George the Victorious"
The imposing building - Panorama "The Epic of Pleven 1877" was built in connection with the 100th anniversary of the battles at Pleven during the Russian-Turkish war 1877-1878 and the liberation of the city on 10.12.1877.
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"St. George the Victorious"
To perpetuate the memory of the heroes of the Pleven epic, in 1902, the "Tsar Liberator Alexander II" committee, under the chairmanship of the prominent revivalist and writer Stoyan Zaimov, decided to erect a chapel-mausoleum in Pleven.
The museum complex House-Museum "The Liberation of Pleven 1877" and the park attached to it were built together with its adjacent artistic and decorative fence in 1907, in honor of the 30th anniversary of the Liberation of Pleven -1877.
In 1898, at a municipal session, the condition of the Russian monuments from the Liberation War was considered, measures were proposed for their restoration and for preserving the bones of the Russian and Romanian soldiers who died in the battles for Pleven. At the same time, the Association of Bulgarian fighters and militiamen established a special committee, which was entrusted with the maintenance of the existing monuments from the war and the construction of new ones, as a sign of gratitude to the Russian people and Emperor Alexander II. The initiative is supported by the state institutions and the entire Bulgarian people. To the south of the city, on the former battlefield, where several Russian monuments are already standing, land has been allocated for the construction of a memorial park named after Gen. M. D. Skobelev.
The Romanian mausoleum near the village of Grivica was opened in 1902 on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878 and the participation of the Romanian army in the battles of Grivica and Pleven in 1877.
The house of Ivan Stoykov-Troyanchanina was built in the period 1862-1865. In 1877, the Russian emperor, the commander-in-chief of the Danube Russian army, the Romanian prince, prominent Russian military leaders resided there. From October 26 to December 10, the Russian Headquarters was quartered here.
Varban Iliev's house was built after the war, in close proximity to the building where the Romanian General Headquarters was housed and where Prince Karol I lived during the battles for Pleven.
The old bridge on the Vit river is an important economic and commercial infrastructure outside the city, related to the history of Pleven from the time of the Russo-Turkish war 1877-1878. Five months of fighting continued, three bloody storms marked the development of the Pleven epic, and its end was decided in the Vit river valley around the Usta Gencho bridge.
The history of the Pleven area is a thousand years old. Discovered paleontological findings testify to life on these lands from 70 million years ago. The rich historical past and the preserved ruins of ancient fortresses and buildings early on provoked the interest of Pleven intellectuals-enthusiasts in their study. In 1903, an Archaeological Society was founded, which set itself the goal of creating a museum.
The late antique and medieval fortress Dianenzium/Dianensium Storgozia/Pleven is located in Kaylaka Park 2.7 km south of the center of the city of Pleven, on a high flat plateau, on the left bank of the Tuchenitsa River, which is naturally protected by the steep banks of the river. The place keeps traces of inhabitants from the bronze age.
The Church "Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker" is a medieval Bulgarian Orthodox church in Pleven, declared a cultural monument. It is located in the center of the city, in the immediate vicinity of the Drama Theater "Ivan Radoev".
Academician Svetlin Rusev is a world-renowned artist whose paintings delight connoisseurs from all continents. He is one of the biggest art collectors in Bulgaria and one of the most generous donors.
In 1984, Academician Svetlin Rusev presented to his hometown Pleven 322 works of art - painting and sculpture - from his personal collection.
The building used by the "Ivan Radoev" Drama and Puppet Theater was built at the end of the 19th century, as a building of the first community center in Pleven. On October 1, 1869, Nestor Markov, a well-known teacher from Pleven at that time, gathered a hundred awake and liberal citizens who donated their own funds as founders and facilitators of the first community center in the city of Pleven.
The monument of the 4th infantry regiment of Pleven is one of the most impressive military monuments in Bulgaria, erected in memory of 140 officers, non-commissioned officers and soldiers who died in the Serbo-Bulgarian war of 1885. It was built with the funds of the regiment and the relatives of the dead. It is the work of the sculptor Zheko Spiridonov - one of the founders of modern Bulgarian sculpture.
The ruins of the medieval village of Turnu are located in the southern part of Turnu Magurele at a distance of 4 km from the city and 1 km from the confluence of the Danube and Olt rivers. According to historians, the first reviews of the fortress on the left bank of the Danube appear from the second century AD, and in ancient documents the fortress is mentioned as a "strong fortification".
The bridge over the Sai River is located in a section of an old road route closed to traffic, located south of and parallel to the DN 54 road, which connects the towns of Turnu Măgurele and Islaz. This section of the old route starts as a westward continuation of Strada Popa Săpcă Street and merges into DN 54 eastward, to the banks of the Olt River.
The elegant steel-framed bridge was built in 1917, during the German occupation. It was a strategic target for conducting military operations. The bridge is depicted on postcards as an important tourist site for the region.
The water tower, Turnu Măgurele is located on 1st of December Street No. 8. It was built in 1915 to supply the city with water. It has been declared a historical monument. The water tower rises to a height of 27 meters and is the tallest structure in Drobeta. It was built in a historical style, at the highest elevation in the city, 104 meters above sea level, to ensure the city's water supply. During the First World War, the tower was used by the German army for observation. In 2010, the tower was included in a modernization and restoration project. The design proposal is for the building to house a tourist information center, an exhibition space and an art gallery, a museum "History of the water supply of Drobeta Turnu Severin municipality", an exhibition with photographs and sculptures, a literary cafe and a viewing platform.
The Cathedral "St. Haralampii" in Turnu Magurele is considered the most representative monument of church construction from the beginning of the 20th century in Teleorman County.
The official establishment of the town of Turnu, today's Turnu Magurele (named so as to distinguish it from Drobeta Turnu Severin and Turnu Roshu) was decided on February 27, 1836 during the reign of ruler Alexandru Ghika.
The children's club is located opposite the railway station in the northern part of the city. Until 1945, the building was used by the Regional Chamber of Agriculture and as a boarding school for the Agro-Industrial High School. The architecture of the building is in Byzantine style with rotundas, columns and inlays.
The Tribunal - the Palace of Justice was built in 1893 according to the French model. The building is used today by the Teleorman District Court. The building has impressive proportions, harmony and functionality, characteristic of Italian master builders. In 1923, a new wing was built, and in 1997, the building was completely renovated.
Plamuk Cinema is a chic building, opened in 1928, in Romanian architectural style. It is located in the Central City Park and resembles a city theater, with a capacity of 375 seats.
The monument was erected in 1985 by a group of architects from Bucharest. It is located on the main avenue at the entrance to the central park of Turnu Magurele.
The statue of Dorobantsi was made by the Italian sculptor Raffaello Romanelli in 1907, in honor of the feat of the infantrymen in the War of Independence in 1877-1878. The statue was made in memory of Corporal Nikola Tudorika - popularly known as "Tudorika Dorobantu", who fell heroically in the battles of this war. The statue depicts an armored warrior - a dorobant, with his right hand raised forward and a hat, the keel a little backwards. On the pedestal of the monument there are bas-reliefs depicting battle scenes and an eagle with outstretched wings grasping with its claws a "letter" with the names of the heroes. Two Turkish cannons, captured by the Romanian soldiers in Pleven, are displayed on both sides of the monument.
Mircea cel Butrun is a national hero who rebuilt and strengthened the Turnu fortress as a defense against the Ottoman invasion. The monument is made of bronze and erected in 1968 by the sculptor Oscar Khan from Bucharest.
The bust is the work of the sculptor Gheorghe Iliescu-Culineschi, in honor of General David Praporgescu, who fell on the front during the First World War.
